MATANZAS, Cuba 鈥� Proudly wearing a rainbow-colored clergy stole and a rainbow flag in her clerical collar, the Rev. Elaine Saralegui welcomed all to her LGBTQ+ inclusive church in the Cuban port city of Matanzas.
鈥淲e鈥檙e all invited. And no one can exclude us,鈥� Saralegui told same-sex couples who held hands sitting on wooden pews in the Metropolitan Community Church where she had recently married her wife.
These words and this kind of gathering would have been unimaginable before in the largest country in the conservative and mostly Christian Caribbean, .
Cuba repressed gay people after its 1959 revolution led by Fidel Castro and sent many to labor camps. But in recent years, the communist-run island barred anti-gay discrimination, and a 2022 government-backed 鈥� approved by popular vote 鈥� allowed same-sex couples the right to marry and adopt.
Members of Cuba鈥檚 LGBTQ+ community say it marked a milestone that has allowed them to embrace their gender identity and worship more freely in a country that for decades after the revolution was officially atheist. Over the past quarter century, it has gradually become more tolerant of religions.
鈥淚t鈥檚 huge. There aren't enough words to say what an opportunity it is to achieve the dream of so many,鈥� said Maikol A帽orga. He was with his husband, Vladimir Marin, near the altar, where at a Friday service they joined other congregants taking turns to lay offerings of white and pink wildflowers to thank God.
鈥淚t鈥檚 the opportunity for all people to be present here,鈥� he said, 鈥渢o gather and participate without regards to their gender, race or religion.鈥�
The Catholic Church, in its doctrine, still rejects same-sex marriage and condemns any sexual relations between gay or lesbian partners as 鈥渋ntrinsically disordered.鈥� Yet Pope Francis has done far more than any previous pope to make the church a more .
In December, the pope formally , a policy shift that aimed at making the church more inclusive while maintaining its strict ban on gay marriage.
The family law in Cuba faced opposition from the country's as well as the that have mushroomed across the island.
Anti-LGBTQ+ rights demonstrations have faded since 2022. But back then, evangelical pastors spoke out from the pulpit, and handed out Bibles and pamphlets in the streets invoking God鈥檚 鈥渙riginal plan鈥� for unions between men and women and calling gay relationships a sin.
Still, the measure was by nearly 67% of voters. It came after a huge government campaign of nationwide informative meetings and extensive state media coverage amid and blackouts that have prompted thousands to immigrate to the United States during one of one of the worst economic crises to hit Cuba in decades.
At the time, President Miguel D铆az-Canel told Cubans in a video message that he was pleased about the wide support that the measure received despite tough economic challenges. He celebrated, 鈥淟ove is now the law.鈥�
For years, the movement for LGBTQ+ rights has been proudly led by Cuba鈥檚 best-known advocate for gay rights: Mariela Castro, daughter of former President Raul Castro and niece of his brother Fidel.
鈥淭his just brings happiness. This just makes people feel truly worthy, respected, loved, considered 鈥� a true citizen with their rights and duties,鈥� Castro told The Associated Press.
"I think we鈥檝e taken a very valuable step forward.鈥�
Long before same-sex couples were granted the right to marry, Castro was , while and sponsoring symbolical ceremonies where Protestant clergy from the U.S. and Canada as part of the annual Pride parade.
鈥淚t was a beautiful spiritual experience for me, and I believe for those people as well,鈥� said Castro, who heads Cuba鈥檚 National Center for Sex Education and is a member of the National Assembly. 鈥淔irst, our campaign was: 鈥楲et love be the law.鈥� Now, love is the law, and we鈥檙e going to keep celebrating it.鈥�
In 2010, her uncle, then- retired leader Fidel Castro to discriminate against gay people. Asked about this, she said it helped mark a turning point in public attitude.
鈥淚 think he was honest. It was good and healthy for him to say this because it helped the rest who were still clinging to prejudices to understand that this kind of thought can change,鈥� she said.
鈥淓ven in a revolutionary leader like him, there were prejudices that evolved, and he was able to understand it and help clear the way for change.鈥�
In the early years after the 1959 revolution, homophobia in Cuba, she said, was no different than in the rest of the world. was deemed a mental disorder by psychiatric authorities, and gay sex was a crime in most states. Currently, Russia 鈥� a major supporter of Fidel Castro when it was the core of the communist Soviet Union 鈥� is bucking the worldwide trend of greater LGBTQ+ acceptance with a multi-pronged crackdown on LGBTQ+ activism.
The previous Cuban Family Code, , stipulated that marriage was between a man and a woman 鈥� not between two people 鈥� which excluded lifelong partners from inheritance rights.
goes further than marriage equality 鈥� which activists tried to include in the Constitution in 2019 without success 鈥� or the ability for gay couples to adopt or use surrogates. It also expanded rights for children, the elderly and women.
The first members of Saralegui鈥檚 congregation began gathering on a house terrace in Matanzas over a decade ago to sing and pray.
鈥淭he sky was our ceiling and when it rained, we鈥檇 all pack into a small room,鈥� Saralegui said. In 2015, with support from the U.S.-based LGBTQ+ affirming , they converted a house into their church, decked with wooden pews and a stained-glass cross that hangs above the altar. Underneath, a local Tibetan Buddhist group that meets here during the week stores its musical instruments in an example of interfaith partnership.
鈥淭his church is a family,鈥� said Saralegui, who has a tattoo of the Jesus fish on one of her forearms and wears a Buddhist bracelet. 鈥淚t鈥檚 a sacred space, not just because there鈥檚 a cross or an altar, but because it鈥檚 the most sacred space for these people to come to 鈥� it's where they come to have a safe space.鈥�
After receiving Communion, congregant Nico Salazar, 18, said he was glad to have found that safe space here after members of an evangelical church where he grew up attending asked him not to return when he embraced his gender identity.
鈥淚t鈥檚 the essence of the Bible: God is love, and other churches should emphasize that instead of repressing and harming others with a supposed sin,鈥� said Salazar, who was born a woman and this year started hormone treatment.
鈥淪in and love are not the same,鈥� said Salazar, who wore an earring in the shape of a cross.
鈥淎nd to love," he added, "is not a sin.鈥�
